ABSTRACT
Aim: Type-2 DM patients are susceptible for various types of infections. Long standing Type2 DM patients have strong predilection for tuberculosis as seen in various studies. Here, we aimed to study susceptibility of tuberculosis as compared to other non tuberculous pneumonia in type-2 DM on the basis of CD markers. Material and Methods: A case control study on 150 subjects was conducted in S.P. Medical College and Associated Group of P.B.M. Hospitals, Bikaner. Subjects were divided into 3 groups each of 50 type-2 diabetic patients having tuberculous pneumonia, of 50 type-2 diabetic patients having non tuberculous pneumonia and 50 patients of type 2 diabetes as a control group attending Medical Outdoor and those Admitted in Hospital IPD Wards. All participants were subjected to detailed clinical examination and relevant investigations. Flow cytometry was used for CD4 and CD8 count. Results: Diabetic patients with tuberculous pneumonia have significantly (p-value <0.05) elevated numbers of CD4 and CD8 cell count in comparison of both controls and nontuberculous pneumonia. Diabetic patients with non tuberculous pneumonia have significantly (p-value <0.05) lower CD4 and CD8 cell count in comparison of diabetic controls and diabetic patients with tuberculous pneumonia. Conclusion: DM is associated with an alteration in the immune response to tuberculosis, leading to a induction of CD4 and CD8 mediated cellular responses and likely contributing to increased immune pathology in M. tuberculosis infection.Our study also provides an impetus to perform longitudinal studies examining the role of immunological biomarkers in the development of tuberculosis in diabetic patients.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Dengue is most important arthropod-borneviral disease worldwide, with approximately 390 millioninfection occurung per year, of which approximately 96 milliocause sign of disease. Dengue virus is single stranded RNAvirus belonging to flaviviridae family having four serotypes.Case report: We are thus reporting a case of Dengue feverwhich presented as encephalitis. Very few cases of dengueencephalitis has been reported worldwide and the literatureavailable on the illness is limited.Conclusion: Dengue is classically thought to be a nonneurotropic virus. Most common dengue serotype causingneurological complication are DEN 2 and DEN 3. Neurologicalcomplication are rare in dengue.